Standardize logging and error handling

- Introduce new types: LoggedResult and LoggedError
- Introduce new extension methods to log and add additional msgs
- Never exit when logging error messages in Rust (all errors should be
  handled by using Result and Rust's error propagation)
- Remove all usages of anyhow as it doesn't fit Magisk's use cases

native/src/base/Cargo.toml

@@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ cxx = { workspace = true }
 libc = { workspace = true }
 cfg-if = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
-anyhow = { workspace = true }